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Zero mass force


sciman55

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Why can't an object with zero mass exert force? What is needed to exert forces (Kinetic energy, Momentum, or something else)? And if a zero mass can't exert force, what would be an alternative physical quanity that can be used to exert force?

 

Do not get me wrong; I know about the speed of light; it has no rest mass but mass by virtue of its motion. Please don't mention light.

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Let me question your original premise... why do you believe an object of zero mass cannot exert force?

 

Because I have heard that many times and I know that if zero mass times finite acceleration; it will equal zero force required to move the mass (and/or exert no

force).

 

Why; is something wrong with my original premise?

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perhaps you are thinking about the classical F=ma

 

but in reality, the more fundamental equation is:

[math]\vec{F}=\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}[/math]

 

and the thing is, according to relativity, an object with zero mass can have a non-zero momentum, since:

[math]E^2=(mc^2)+(pc)^2[/math]

if m is zero and E is non-zero, p must be non-zero.

 

hence, the acceleration needs not be "infinite" when a "massless" particle is being "accelerated".

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Shine a strong beam of light (oohps!) onto a surface, either opaque or reflecting but not transparent. If the beam is at right angles to a perfectly reflecting mirror, the force will be double than for a matt black surface.

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