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Particles can travel faster than light!


Jay-qu

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No, they are scattered elastically, and just about perfectly, without loss of phase coherence. Otherwise you couldn't really apply the principles of Huygens and co. to justify the basic rule of reflection.

 

Some less trivial cases of elastic scattering are like an absorbtion with re-emmission by near perfect reversal of the absorption but that's a somewhat freakish thing. :)

 

In the case of a mirror the photons are scattered by the free electrons at the metal surface. It isn't even an event for each photon with one electron, it's actually the wave-charge interaction spread coherently over the surface where the wavefront is incident, so wave-optical principles explain the reflection.

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you therefore gain more mass
...except that physicists don't call it mass. At least, not mass of the single body in motion, because it isn't rest energy.

 

If it's a moving part of a composite body then, yes, the kinetic energy in the composite body's c. m. frame, as well as the potential energies between the parts.

 

Although it's a matter of terminology, the notion that a moving body's "mass" increases is a non-covariant one that has stick all too much due to historic confusion. The Lorentz-covariant equation for a free particle, in natural units, is this one:

 

m^2 = E^2 - p^2

 

At rest, p = 0, total energy is only m, in motion E > m; E increases and m doesn't change.

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:doh:

 

You will long continue to see the formula m = m_0/(RootOfGamma) around, it is still extensively used in introductory courses. I think it should be avoided and that things should be better explained, even for starters. It simply causes too much confusion.

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