ramanand

Australian girl changes blood group, immune system Jan 25 2008 Source: http://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSSYD90620080125?=undefined&sp=true So what is my confusion in this article is that is it a case of extra medullary hematopoiesis in context of the donor liver which is transplanted to that Australian girl. :shrug: extramedullary hematopoiesis that occurring outside the bone marrow, as in the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes.

can we induce meiosis in somatic cell? if yes, then by using which factor or proteins or what medium? Iam talking about meiosis in somatic cell because I have a question in my mind that if suppose we induce meiosis in somatic cell so that it becomes haploid,now if we extract this haploid nucleus and artificially and inject it into the ova by using micro injection and further we are adding centrioles in ova from paternal side(required to form spindle during cleavage), now my question is "is development is possible in such case by using haploid somatic cell"? if it is not possible than why not, is genetics of somatic cell playing any role that is causing no development?

Pain is useful because it constantly reminds the mind to protect the injured part from getting further injury, also it makes us not to over stress the injured parts which might slow down the healing process, so during the course of evolution sensation of pain developed as a protective mechanism. But this sensation of pain reduces as wound is on the final stage of healing, but at this stage the sensation of pain transforms into the sensation of itch (due to growth of underlying tissues and nerves). To get rid off from itch we start scratching. A scratch due to constant friction causes the local increase in temperature of that area, due to increase in temperature blood circulation to that area increases in order to lower back the temperature. With increase in temperature various cells and molecules of immune system reaches the injured site and protects the area from the attack of the infectious micro organisms. This is the protective aspect of itching which has developed in the course of evolution.

A logical reply indeed, licking of injury by dogs really seems to be healing procees and also it is a protective process too, as the saliva contains some of the enzymes that inhibits the growth of micro organisms (such as bacteria and viruses) on the exposed injured parts which are more prone to the attack of the infectious microbes. Licking provides constant and regular cover of enzymes over the injured part,perhaps these enzymes (like lysozyme) inhibits the cross linkages of NAM and NAG with the amino sugars in the bacteria and thus inhibiting the synthesis of their cell wall, thereby reducing the chances of their survival on the wound.

Pain mostly serves a protective function. For example, if we sprain our ankle, the pain we feel is almost immediate. It tells us that we have done damage to our body, and it deters us from putting more weight onto the ankle. This minimises further damage, thus protecting the body. Itching is a built-in defense mechanism that alerts your body to the potential of being harmed. In this case, it might be the potential of being bit by a bug. As soon as we feel an itch, our first natural response is to scratch the spot of the itch with our fingernails. The reason for this response is simple — we want to remove the irritant as soon as possible Itch was long considered to be a mild form of pain describe, but came to be recognized as a distinct sensation, I mean something during the course of evolution had happened that has made this itch to exist,

It is often observed that there is itching when the wound is at the final stage of the healing. what cause that itch? Do this itch has any evolutionary advantage? Or is itching plays any therepeutic role?

But is it nescessary that bigger brain implies intellegence, or what i intended to ask is that meat diet leds to the evolution of bigger brain but is evolution of bigger brain alone ensures the extensive application of brain power? The second thing is that all the carnivores also must have bigger brain (proportional to their body size) then why can't they apply their brain power as beautifully as humans does?????

Thankyou thank you very much sir...

sir! i must say a very convincing and realistic explanation. But i have some doubt regarding chemogeny ( surely no doubt regarding its occurance) but related to the first molecule (biomolecule) that had formed in the ocean...

Really???? if you don't mind will you please elaborate your point.This i think is really a good fact to learn about...

I hope it will give you a bit insight into raw foodism.

first of all some animal products are included in raw food like lean meat and eggs. Raw foodism is a lifestyle promoting the consumption of uncooked, unprocessed, and often organic foods as a large percentage of the diet. Depending on the type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selectıon of raw fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds (including sprouted whole grains), eggs, fish, meat, and unpasteurized dairy products (such as raw milk, cheese and yogurt). Members of the raw food community claim that raw food encourages weight loss and prevents and/or heals many forms of sickness and many chronic diseases. Critics of this nutritional approach argue that archaeological and anthropological evidence as well as medical research suggest that cooking is obligatory for humans. Of the millions of species of living organisms on the planet Earth, how many of them cook their food??? Answer: 1 (one) Animals in nature do not experience problems with obesity, as well as so many other diseases common among humans. If the very first known fireplace was discovered to be from around 2,000,000 years ago and most early fires were around 400-800 thousand years ago, then we would not have begun cooking foods till some time after that.( Probably long after that!) That was the first evidence of a fire, not the first evidence of cooking. Most likely, the predominant motivating factor to use fire, was for warmth. We likely would not have cooked food immediately and would have made that transition, once we discovered "cooking", very gradually and would have continued eating a majority of raw foods, if available. If the first evidence of humans was from at least 35 million years ago, then cooked food would have been only a very tiny part of our evolution, especially considering we would have been on raw foods long before the "first evidence of humans!" As our "evolution" began perhaps over 400 million years ago, the time we have been consuming cooked food is insignificant when compared to our overall time consuming raw foods. If testimonials from raw foodists are any sign of the benefits of adopting a raw foods diet, then the diet may help people overcome health challenges from colds and flues to cancer and diabetes. Note to the overweight: One side effect for the overweight seems to be weight loss! Many raw foodists claim they experienced weight loss without even trying! Overcoming colds and flues seems to be a common effect of the diet. In theory, the symptoms of "colds" or "flues" are simply the body's way of cleaning and healing, which is increased when we eat improperly. Anything we put into the body that is foreign to the body, the body needs to purge! It's amazing (or, at least, seems to be) that all of a sudden, we can stop "catching" colds and flues, even when everyone around us is getting sick. The consumption of raw food is a practice among animal species. Archaeological evidence suggests that the controlled use of fire pre-dates the modern human and was first used by Homo erectus or Homo ergaster. Beliefs Common beliefs held by raw foodists: ·Raw foods contain enzymes which aid digestion, meaning that the body's own enzymes may work unimpeded in regulating the body's metabolic processes, and heating food above 110-120 degrees Fahrenheit degrades or destroys these enzymes in food. ·Eating food without enzymes makes digestion more difficult, which could lead to toxicity in the body and cause excess consumption of food, obesity and chronic disease. ·Raw foods contain bacteria and other micro-organisms that affect the immune system and digestion by populating the digestive tract with gut flora. ·Raw foods have higher nutrient values than foods which have been cooked. ·Wild foods, particularly edible wild plants, are the most nutritious raw foods. ·Freezing food is acceptable, even though freezing lowers enzyme activity. Researchers at the University of Toronto and another published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute suggest that ingesting uncooked or unpasteurized dairy products may reduce the risk of colon cancer. Mice and rats fed uncooked sucrose, casein, and beef tallow had one third to one fifth the incidence of microadenomas as the mice and rats fed the same ingredients cooked. German research in 2003 showed significant benefits in reducing breast cancer risk when large amounts of raw vegetable matter are included in the diet. The authors attribute some of this effect to heat-labile phytonutrients

Intelligent design is the assertion that "certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection". This intelligent cause is surely god,( These assumptions are based on the teleological arguments)which has designed the nature to attain some goal and seems to be directed in a particular direction. But any of these arguments do not support their assertion with a practical example to concrete the idea of intelligent design. nature is designed, but what’s the proof, but a proof of nature being evolved is there. Evolution of the eye - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. all modern eyes, varied as they are, have their origins in a proto-eye believed to have evolved some 540 million years ago. Eyes in various animals show adaption to their requirements. For example, birds of prey have much greater visual acuity than humans and some, like diurnal birds of prey, can see ultraviolet light. All light-sensitive organs rely on photoreceptor systems employing a family of proteins called opsins, which, by structural and sequence homology can be shown to be of common origin. Evolution is never directed but it is being directed by the various conditions of the living system. It has no goal and no purpose for which it works. And neither it creates the organism with perfect body rather it just make animal to adapt to the conditions of the surrounding environment. if there is intelligent designer than why not dinosaurs were designed in such a way that they do not get extinct. It is basically because they were not able to adapt themselves to the sudden changes in the environment

i think state of comma is debatable because in state of comma one criteria of life that is "metabolism" is happening but, according to some workers they state an organism as living only if it is able to propogate its information(genetic information) to the next generation so during state of comma the person is not able to propogate its genes so it MAY be consider as dead. I don't know how you concluded with this statement that iam talking of god. what i intended to say is that the reason for the origin of life is basically the interaction of the particles which led to the formation of biomolecules. What we can store in the frozen sperm is the genetic information.which we later deliberately introduce into the ova of same species later on. Even the recognition between the sperm and ova requires some sort of interaction between the chemicals on sperm on sperm with the complementary chemicals on the ova.(this is to make species specific fertilization). a well stated example to show that various kinds of ions and molecules are required to create a potential that form a life supporting process in the organism.

life is nothing but interaction. Interaction of fundamental particles ( electrons,protons,atoms and molecules), energies in such a way that it can replicate and produce similar or same or dissimilar such entities which can further replicate( where the ultimate function becomes gene propogation) and ultimately loss or malfunction of this interaction and entropy leads to death?