2012taylorj

One question, that people often wonder is what it would feel like to be in a superposition of dead and alive. However one could make the argument that there would be no sensation, since you would not be alive to experience it(similar to quantum suicide). This might suggest that when not observed humans could be both dead and alive and not even know it(according to copenhagen interpretation). Please tell me your thoughts on this concept, I am looking for feedback on ideas for mine which feature in my scientifc papers, and I am trying to see how valid the ideas are.

is it possible that dark matter could be the matter from the particles being in superposition, which could manifest through the many worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics?

but what do you think of the experiment

One of the main problems with solving the measurement problem, is the problem of quantum decoherence. This is a problem because it makes it difficult to distinguish between whether it was the decoherence effect or the act of measurement which caused the wave nature of particles to disapear, in experiments such as the quantum eraser experiment. However an experiment has been concieved which distinguishes between the two, in order to determine the cause of wave function collapse. It does so by controlling the process of decoherence(as best as possible), and then observing the wave nature of the decohered system, by virtue of diffraction, and then carrying out a measurement to see whether the wave nature disapears or not. The exact experiment is a modification of the davisson germer experiment. At the start of the experiment, there will be a vaccum chamber containing a single proton, and an electron gun which will fire electrons slowly into the system in order to decohere the proton. It will be bombarded with about 5 electrons in order to decohere it, and once it has decohered, an anode shall be switched on with a hole in the middle of it and the whole object shall be fired towards a nickel plate, which leads to scattering in various directions. The nickel target can also be rotated, in which electrons can be deflected towards a detector on a mounted arc which could be rotated in a circular motion. The detector, which would be used during the experiment is a faraday cup. When the particle touches the nickle plate in order to test whether measurement causes collapse, the location of the proton shall be measured. There will be two groups. The first group will not have the location of the proton measured on contact of the nickle plate, whereas the second group will have it's location measured on contact with the nickle plate, by virtue of a detector. Because the location of the proton has been measured in group 2, it could affect the scattering of the decohered particles, because the wave function has collapsed for that individual particle(it would be different to those not measured), and so the measurement problem could be solved by being able to see whether the act of measurement has any affect on the scattering of the decohered particles, and distinguish between whether it was decoherence which caused it to behave classically because it has already decohered and therefore the experiment would be testing the causality of measurement on wave function collapse because we are able to measure the wave nature of the decohered system and so any change upon measurement would be down to the act of measurement not decoherence because it is being measured via the diffraction of the particles. Please tell me what you think of this experiment conceptually rather than from an engineering/design perspective.

But i might be wrong

Since we have not yet detected objects in more than 3 dimensions, it should be safe to assume that you cannot

I guess you are right, wrong use of terminology

This is a new interpretation of quantum mechanics involving multiple dimensions, from two papers on OSF preprints. Tell me what you think of it. New interpretations and thought experiment in quantum mechanics 1 Introduction Throughout this article a new interpretation of quantum mechanics shall be explored. It postulates that the Schrodinger wave is a physical object, but it’s description is incomplete, since the Schrödinger equation/ wave function is only describing the three dimensional aspect of the wave. In summary the outcome of the wave function we observe is the outcome that exists in three dimensions, the other outcomes take place but in more than three dimensions, so the wave function is incomplete because it only describes the wave function as existing in only three dimensions. When we collapse the wave function, we are actually isolating the three dimensional outcome of the wave function away from the rest of the wave, thus giving it particle properties. Furthermore at the end of the article, we shall be discussing an experiment that will either prove or disprove quantum randomness for certain, and is based around two physicists measuring the position of a particle at exactly the same time. This article was inspired as an effort to add new development to issues in quantum mechanics that I thought lacked evidence or ideas that were too absurd to fit in with our experience of our everyday reality (interpretations of quantum mechanics). 2 Many dimensions interpretation of quantum mechanics Overview of the interpretation This interpretation hypothesizes that all outcomes of the wave function of a particle do occur, but occur in in more than three dimensions. According to mainstream thought in quantum physics the wave function of a particle tells us the probability of finding that particle within three-dimensional space, when an observation is made the wave function collapses to a single irreversible Eigen state. This is the measurement problem, how can a particle collapse from existing in a state of mathematical possibilities to one physical object in one position. However this interpretation offers a new concept that the particle exists as a physical version of the Schrödinger wave, but the other unobserved outcomes exist in more than three dimensions, but in contrast the result we measure is the result which exists in three dimensions. The wave function is describing the possibility of finding the particle in three dimensions, the other possibilities do occur but occur in more than three dimensions. The Schrödinger wave and wave function are in a sense incomplete, since they only describe the three dimensional nature of a particle. Collapse occurs due to the fact that when we observe the possibility that exists in three dimensions we have isolated it from the rest of the wave and therefore loses its wave properties. What is meant by this is that by one of the possibilities of the wave function that happens to exist in three dimensions, we have confined it to just three dimensions, and therefore can only move and interact on a three dimensional scale, thus losing wave like properties such as interference because it cant interact with the other waves since it is confined to just interacting on a three dimensional scale, due to our three dimensional measuring equipment. Explanation of the double slit experiment Overview of the experiment: 1) When an electron is fired out of an electron gun, it is travelling as a hyper dimensional wave. 2) When it encounters the double slit the waves interfere with each other across dimensions, and create an interference pattern, when each electron is detected. The interference pattern can be explained through constructive and destructive interference. We cannot observe this interference because parts of the wave exist in more than 3 dimensions (for example a part could exist in 7 dimensions). The reason why it is impossible to observe an object in more than three dimensions, is due to the fact that in order to observe an object in it’s entirety, it needs to be measured in all of it’s. For example you cannot observe a 3 dimensional object in just 1 dimension, however you can measure these properties individually, for example measuring the length or width of an particular object. 3) The collapse of the wave function occurs when the part of the wave function that exists in three dimensions is observed and thus isolated so that it now behaves as a particle. The EPR paradox: The basic concept of the EPR paradox is that if there is a particle which decay into two smaller particles, assuming that the original mother particle was stationary, the decayed daughter particles will have equal and opposite angular momentum, and spin in opposite directions. If one were to measure the spin of one of these particle one would instantaneously know the spin of the other particle (which would be opposite), even if it was far away. In order to explain this using the Copenhagen one would have to invoke communication faster than the speed of light, which is a paradox since Einstein had shown that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. The EPR paradox can be explained, in this interpretation by simply permitting faster than light communication, but this faster than light communication does not apply to meaningful information, as proposed by other physicists. Quantum Tunneling Quantum tunneling is the phenomenon in which a particle can pass through a barrier that a classical object could not penetrate. There is a probability of detecting the particle on the other side of this barrier, and if an observer decides to measure the position of the particle, it has now tunneled from one side of the barrier to the other since it has now been detected on the opposite side of the barrier to which it was initially. This interpretation says that the probability aspect of this phenomenon is not the probability of detecting the particle/ outcome that exists in three dimensions. Furthermore the spread out wave was able to penetrate the barrier due to the concept that occasionally there might be enough energy for the particle to penetrate this barrier, and the probability of it doing so decreases exponentially with the increasing width of the barrier, similar to that of bohemian mechanics. Potential explanation for dark matter This interpretation could offer an explanation for dark matter. The explanation being that when astronomers are carrying out observations of the universe, they are only observing the part of the wave function/universe that exists in three dimensions. But what about the other possibilities that are not in three dimensions? These other possibilities of the wave function/Schrödinger equation that exist in more than three dimensions, is the answer to dark matter, and produce the bizarre observations of galaxy rotations, along with other phenomenon that dark matter should account for. After all if particles do existing a state of superposition, with multiple outcomes happening for one event in more than three dimensions, it would naturally expected to see some gravitational effects. Quantum Decoherence This phenomenon occurs due to particles, interacting with its environment, and the waves becoming out of phase, due to this interaction. The only difference is that in this interpretation it occurs across multiple dimensions, but does however yield the same results. From Paper 2: Introduction Throughout this article we will revisit the many dimensions interpretation of quantum mechanics, with much more clarity. 1 Why it is that according to this interpretation the Schrodinger equation is incomplete According to this interpretation of quantum mechanics a particle exists physically as a spread out wave, in which most of it exists in more than three dimensions, but there is typically however, one point that exists in just three dimensions, and this is the part that we observe, and when observed it starts to behave as a particle, and the probability of finding this point is described by the wave function. The Schrodinger wave equation is therefore incomplete because it is describing the particle in terms of existing in three dimensions, when in fact most of it exists in more than three dimensions. Therefore it is inaccurate because it is describing particles, which actually exist mainly in more than three dimensions as existing in three dimensions, according to this interpretation. 2Nature of the wave function The wave function does not tell you the probability of finding the particle in a certain location, but the probability of finding the part of this spread out wave that exists in three dimensions, in a certain location. When the wave function has collapsed to an eigenstate, it can then be confirmed that the other possibilities that were not observed of the wave function have manifested in more than three dimensions. 3 Quantum tunneling: Quantum tunneling occurs, because there is a probability of detecting the point of the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions on the other side of the potential barrier, not the probability of detecting the whole particle (which exists as a spread out wave). The 3d part of this spread out wave is able to penetrate the potential barrier classically, because occasionally it might have energy to do so for various reasons, such as an electron knocking into an electron, could give it more kinetic energy to do so. The probability of these occurring decreases exponentially as the width of the barrier increases, and is a similar explanation to that of Bohmian Mechanics. 4 Double slit experiment 1) When an electron is fired out of an electron gun it is travelling as a wave in which most of it is travelling in more than three dimensions, but typically one point is travelling in just three dimensions (the point that we measure). 2) When it encounters the double slit the waves interfere with each other across dimensions, and an interference pattern builds up, over time as the electrons hit the detector screen one by one. The interference pattern can be explained through constructive and destructive interference. We cannot observe the particle as a wave because most of this wave exists in more than three dimensions (for example a part could exist in 7 dimensions), and since we are only capable of detecting objects that exist in three dimensions, we will only be able to detect the part of the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions, nothing else and from this it can be concluded that we cannot observe it as a wave, because when the part that exists in three dimensions is measured it starts to behave like a particle, and loses it’s wave like properties. Furthermore we cannot even observe the parts of the wave that exist in more than three dimensions, in just three dimensions anyway because in order to observe something it needs to be observed in it’s entirety, and therefore needs be observed in all of it’s dimensions. For example you cannot observe a 3 dimensional object in just 1 dimension, however you can measure these properties individually, for example measuring the length or width of a particular object. 3) The collapse of the wave function occurs when the part of the wave function that exists in three dimensions is observed and thus isolated so that it now behaves as a particle, and a more detailed explanation of this mechanism is explained in the previous article. y, because occasionally it might have energy to doso for various reasons, such as an electron knocking into an electron, could giveit more kinetic energy to do so. The probability of these occurring decreasesexponentially as the width of the barrier increases, and is a similar explanationto that of Bohmian Mechanics.4 Double slit experiment1) When an electron is fired out of an electron gun it is travelling as a wave inwhich most of it is travelling in more than three dimensions, but typically onepoint is travelling in just three dimensions (the point that we measure).2) When it encounters the double slit the waves interfere with each other acrossdimensions, and an interference pattern builds up, over time as the electrons hitthe detector screen one by one. The interference pattern can be explainedthrough constructive and destructive interference. We cannot observe theparticle as a wave because most of this wave exists in more than threedimensions (for example a part could exist in 7 dimensions), and since we areonly capable of detecting objects that exist in three dimensions, we will only beable to detect the part of the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions,nothing else and from this it can be concluded that we cannot observe it as awave, because when the part that exists in three dimensions is measured it startsto behave like a particle, and loses it’s wave like properties. Furthermore wecannot even observe the parts of the wave that exist in more than threedimensions, in just three dimensions anyway because in order to observesomething it needs to be observed in it’s entirety, and therefore needs beobserved in all of it’s dimensions. For example you cannot observe a 3dimensional object in just 1 dimension, however you can measure theseproperties individually, for example measuring the length or width of aparticular object.3) The collapse of the wave function occurs when the part of the wave functionthat exists in three dimensions is observed and thus isolated so that it nowbehaves as a particle, and a more detailed explanation of this mechanism isexplained in the previous article.1 Why it is that according to this interpretation the Schrodinger equation is 1 Why it is that according to this interpretation the Schrodinger equation isincompleteAccording to this interpretation of quantum mechanics a particle existsphysically as a spread out wave, in which most of it exists in more than threedimensions, but there is typically however, one point that exists in just threedimensions, and this is the part that we observe, and when observed it starts tobehave as a particle, and the probability of finding this point is described by thewave function. The Schrodinger wave equation is therefore incomplete becauseit is describing the particle in terms of existing in three dimensions, when in factmost of it exists in more than three dimensions. Therefore it is inaccuratebecause it is describing particles, which actually exist mainly in more than threedimensions as existing in three dimensions, according to this interpretation.2Nature of the wave functionThe wave function does not tell you the probability of finding the particle in acertain location, but the probability of finding the part of this spread out wavethat exists in three dimensions, in a certain location. When the wave function hascollapsed to an eigenstate, it can then be confirmed that the other possibilitiesthat were not observed of the wave function have manifested in more than threedimensions.3 Quantum tunneling:Quantum tunneling occurs, because there is a probability of detecting the pointof the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions on the other side of thepotential barrier, not the probability of detecting the whole particle (which existsas a spread out wave). The 3d part of this spread out wave is able to penetratethe potential barrier classically, because occasionally it might have energy to doso for various reasons, such as an electron knocking into an electron, could giveit more kinetic energy to do so. The probability of these occurring decreasesexponentially as the width of the barrier increases, and is a similar explanationto that of Bohmian Mechanics.4 Double slit experiment1) When an electron is fired out of an electron gun it is travelling as a wave inwhich most of it is travelling in more than three dimensions, but typically onepoint is travelling in just three dimensions (the point that we measure).2) When it encounters the double slit the waves interfere with each other acrossdimensions, and an interference pattern builds up, over time as the electrons hitthe detector screen one by one. The interference pattern can be explainedthrough constructive and destructive interference. We cannot observe theparticle as a wave because most of this wave exists in more than threedimensions (for example a part could exist in 7 dimensions), and since we areonly capable of detecting objects that exist in three dimensions, we will only beable to detect the part of the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions,nothing else and from this it can be concluded that we cannot observe it as awave, because when the part that exists in three dimensions is measured it startsto behave like a particle, and loses it’s wave like properties. Furthermore wecannot even observe the parts of the wave that exist in more than threedimensions, in just three dimensions anyway because in order to observesomething it needs to be observed in it’s entirety, and therefore needs beobserved in all of it’s dimensions. For example you cannot observe a 3dimensional object in just 1 dimension, however you can measure theseproperties individually, for example measuring the length or width of aparticular object.3) The collapse of the wave function occurs when the part of the wave functionthat exists in three dimensions is observed and thus isolated so that it nowbehaves as a particle, and a more detailed explanation of this mechanism isexplained in the previous article. to this interpretation of quantum mechanics a particle existsphysically as a spread out wave, in which most of it exists in more than threedimensions, but there is typically however, one point that exists in just threedimensions, and this is the part that we observe, and when observed it starts tobehave as a particle, and the probability of finding this point is described by thewave function. The Schrodinger wave equation is therefore incomplete becauseit is describing the particle in terms of existing in three dimensions, when in factmost of it exists in more than three dimensions. Therefore it is inaccuratebecause it is describing particles, which actually exist mainly in more than threedimensions as existing in three dimensions, according to this interpretation.2Nature of the wave functionThe wave function does not tell you the probability of finding the particle in acertain location, but the probability of finding the part of this spread out wavethat exists in three dimensions, in a certain location. When the wave function hascollapsed to an eigenstate, it can then be confirmed that the other possibilitiesthat were not observed of the wave function have manifested in more than threedimensions.3 Quantum tunneling:Quantum tunneling occurs, because there is a probability of detecting the pointof the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions on the other side of thepotential barrier, not the probability of detecting the whole particle (which existsas a spread out wave). The 3d part of this spread out wave is able to penetratethe potential barrier classically, because occasionally it might have energy to doso for various reasons, such as an electron knocking into an electron, could giveit more kinetic energy to do so. The probability of these occurring decreasesexponentially as the width of the barrier increases, and is a similar explanationto that of Bohmian Mechanics.4 Double slit experiment1) When an electron is fired out of an electron gun it is travelling as a wave inwhich most of it is travelling in more than three dimensions, but typically onepoint is travelling in just three dimensions (the point that we measure).2) When it encounters the double slit the waves interfere with each other acrossdimensions, and an interference pattern builds up, over time as the electrons hitthe detector screen one by one. The interference pattern can be explainedthrough constructive and destructive interference. We cannot observe theparticle as a wave because most of this wave exists in more than threedimensions (for example a part could exist in 7 dimensions), and since we areonly capable of detecting objects that exist in three dimensions, we will only beable to detect the part of the Schrodinger wave that exists in three dimensions,nothing else and from this it can be concluded that we cannot observe it as awave, because when the part that exists in three dimensions is measured it startsto behave like a particle, and loses it’s wave like properties. Furthermore wecannot even observe the parts of the wave that exist in more than threedimensions, in just three dimensions anyway because in order to observesomething it needs to be observed in it’s entirety, and therefore needs beobserved in all of it’s dimensions. For example you cannot observe a 3dimensional object in just 1 dimension, however you can measure theseproperties individually, for example measuring the length or width of aparticular object.3) The collapse of the wave function occurs when the part of the wave functionthat exists in three dimensions is observed and thus isolated so that it nowbehaves as a particle, and a more detailed explanation of this mechanism isexplained in the previous article.

Please tell me what you think of the ideas presented in this preprint specifically its interpretation

Tell me what you think of this thought experiment: How significant are our decisions? Are they meaningless, as in they are determined, and we are just objects set in motion with no control of our destiny. Or are the decisions we make ours and we are therefore in control of our own destiny? One such area in physics which might set light on this is quantum mechanics, and in particular the double slit experiment. The double slit experiment is an experiment, in which either electrons or photons are fired towards a two slit assembly, resulting in an interference pattern emerging. This experiment has been performed on all sorts of objects, such as molecules, atoms, and even carbon bucky balls. However the experiment has never been performed on living organisms. Imagine a scenario in which we take a small airborne bacteria, or even a non airborne bacteria and place it in a double slit experiment situation. This experiment would differ considerably in that the experiment is probing whether the decision of the microbe was quantum mechanical or not. The experiment works by placing microbes in a box with a two slit assembly one at a time on one side of the box, while on the other side of the two slit assembly there is a detector screen with food in order to attract the microbes over. Rather than being fired across the microbes will make the decision to travel towards the food on the detector screen. They will not be set in motion. It has been proven that single cellular organisms are capable of making basic decisions. One of these decisions is the ability to travel towards food molecules and they can in fact sense molecule gradients as small as one molecular per micron in a background of just 1000 molecules per cell volume. The first possible outcome of this experiment is that an interference pattern of these microbes forms, which suggests that our actual decisions are quantum mechanical, which is derived from the fact that the bacteria made the decision to travel through either one of the slits to a particular piece of food. This therefore means that if an interference pattern forms the decision of the microbe to travel to the detector screen was as a result of random wave function collapse and therefore effectively the bacteria under those circumstances were not making those decisions because the end result was just an emergence of the property of random wave function collapse. One could therefore draw the philosophical conclusion that our actions are therefore insignificant. However there is a second outcome, which is that no interference pattern forms, which tells us that our decisions are not quantum mechanical because the microbes, would in this scenario be able to evade random wave function collapse. In addition this experiment could shed light on the role of the observer in quantum mechanics, as to whether consciousness plays a role in wave function collapse. This might be implied if an interference pattern isn't formed because the microbe was able to observe itself and the wave function therefore collapsed. Although this experiment is not complete at this stage it is about the principle, and there are many questions left to solve such as how such a small interference pattern. The De Broglie( length of a bacteria traveling at 80km/h with a mass of 2e-17kg is 1.49e-9nm, and therefore does not have a large wavelength so the interference will be negligible. Another point which needs development is an exact experimental technique to carry this out, which is currently being worked on.