Genes.....

[shirleypearls20]

Why do my sister and I have different gene setup though we are of the same parents?

[Mercedes Benzene]

Most genetic variation occurs during meiosis when gametes are being formed. Sister chromatids swap segments of genetic code, creating extremely unique gametes (eggs and sperm). This is called "crossing over".

When egg and sperm meet, the unique genetic material creates an individual that is not exactly the same as another of the same parent.

 

I hope this clear things up some. :D

[hallenrm]

Why do my sister and I have different gene setup though we are of the same parents?

 

Simply put, in layman's language, the genes of a person are a result of the mixing up of the genes of the parents. The result of this mixing up is different each time a child is born.:D

[Mercedes Benzene]

Simply put, in layman's language, the genes of a person are a result of the mixing up of the genes of the parents. The result of this mixing up is different each time a child is born.

 

yeah... that works too. :D

[shirleypearls20]

Good That is right. Only the sex cells that is the sperm snd the egg contains haploid number of chromosomes or to be simple in words they contain only 23 chromosomes.The 46 chromosomes get divided during mitosis.On fusion during fertilisation, a new offspring with different genetical characters are formed.

[HydrogenBond]

It is not just the genes on the DNA that is important but also the order in which they are placed along the DNA.

[hallenrm]

The difference between the offsprings is also because some genes are dominant while others are reccessive. Thus though the genes contributed by either of the parents can influence a particular trait in the offspring, it is only the gene from one parent that ultimately determines that particular trait in the offspring. B)

[InfiniteNow]

Check it out... you can watch this online and it's really quite awesome. If your network connection is not fast enough, at LEAST read some of what's written (then, pester all of your friends with fast connections to let you watch it on their system! :) )

 

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/miracle/

[HydrogenBond]

The difference between the offsprings is also because some genes are dominant while others are reccessive. Thus though the genes contributed by either of the parents can influence a particular trait in the offspring, it is only the gene from one parent that ultimately determines that particular trait in the offspring

 

The only problem with that is there are often traits in children that neither of the parents express. These may be genes present in the parents that are dormant, which become active in the child.

 

The way to explain this is connected to how the genes are distributed along the DNA. Because the DNA packs, genes that end up at the top (so to speak) of local packing are easier for the cells to express, while those deeper in the packing are harder to express.

 

Let me give an example, I had a friend growing up who had all types of allergies. But he was also a rough and tumble kid who would constantly get into stuff and expose himself, inspite of his mother's protection. By the time he was in his late teens all his allergies departed. The way I would interpret this was that the needed genes to combat his allergies were packed deeper and were not easily accessible when he was young. As time went on, his exposure altered the extent of the unpacking until, by his late teens, the needed genes where finally active.

 

I had another friend, who appeared somewhat learning disabled when he was young. He had mechanical inclination but was not good in school. By his middle twenties he changed. It went to college and then became a dentist. Again, the genes were always there. It took a little while for the environmental (inner and outer) to unpack the genes, until his innate potential finally came to the surface. It is sort of mind over matter. This does not create new genes, but unpacks ones that were placed deeper in packing during fertilization.

 

If one considers a family unit as a team, by having genenic specialization of sorts up front (top of packing), there is a better chance for survival. This way you may end withboth a thinker and a doers. Neither is optimum alone but together the team is stronger. Through the inaction of these two specialists, cross traits gradually appear as their innate potential unpacks from their previous packed positions. In the world of just specialists one denies these innate traits in themselves to maintain specialization, thereby preventing the unpacking from digging deep enough.

[HydrogenBond]

If I was to extrapolate this backwards to fertilization and the shuffling of genes, the final distribution that results is in equilibrium with the fertilized ovuum. In other words, through hydrogen bonding equilibrium, the ovvum sets a potential grid for a equilbrium distribution of the combined DNA.

 

For example n-butane and iso-butane can both be made at the same time. By setting the environment one can shift the distribution in favor of either product. The base sequences along the DNA set slightly different hydrogen bonding potential within the DNA, with the ovvum playing the role of setting a particular equilibrium environment.

 

Environmental factors in turn can have an impact on how the ovuum will develop. Simple things like smoking, drugs are obvious. I beleive that nervous tissue also plays a role. This, in turn, is connected to the brain. This secondary whole circuit occurs via hydrogen bonding. The result is the genetic distribution of the offspring, having their top genes designed to be beneficial to the environment of the mother. But at the same time, the environment may specialize and prevent unpacking innate potential, creating a loop of environmental specialization that perpetuates poverty.

 

For example, poverty often perpetuates itself. But at the same time, the children that result are often uniquely qualified for adaptation in such an environment.