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Personally, I don't see how gene expression alone can create and destroy a brain. I can see how the nerve cells could evolve in multi-celled organisms over millions of years, and how over millions of more years they could develop into neurons, but I do not see how this entire process can be encoded in the dna of a stem cell immediately without an extremely powerful supercomputer, given they only have the volume of a zygote to encode the lifelong development of an entire brain with a relatively rudimentary coding system of chemical adjustments in the double helix. Also, aging, or the inability for mitosis to create a perfect copy of a living breathing organism with all these organs fully fed and functioning to keep the organism in tact, seems strange especially when the rate of imperfect mitosis is different in different species. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turritopsis_dohrnii

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_longest-living_organisms#:~:text=Specimens of the black coral,planet%3A around 4%2C265 years old.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immortalised_cell_line

It's like hair-growth, I mean you cut the hair and it knows it's been cut because hair just stops growing at a certain length so it knows it hasn't been cut? That seems like it's being regulated by nerve cells permeating the hair cells, not by the double helix combinations. Which means the autonomous nervous system is regulating cellular tissue by speaking directly to the subconscious part of the brain, not through gene expression. 

How can we miniaturize + and - signals to the point of nano-circuitry, while at the same time we can operate a satellite orbiting Pluto, yet we can't manage to insert the right gene expressions to do what Salamanders do when their hand is replaced by a piece of their tail for our maimed Veterans? How complex is the gene expression, or is it actually the nerves running along those cells that are causing the stem cell to become bone cells as opposed to skin cells or for a skin cell to copy wrong in senescence? Or is it not gene expression doing any of this at all, but in fact the brain? Personally, I think we should try brain to computer interfaces using neural-nanites and see if we can't control that which is most important to control, our bodies. Because I don't think any amount of nanites alone could manipulate cells as efficiently as the brain can. It's apparently the brain that is killing us, not the body. So the only way to fix our problems should be to stimulate neurons using neural-nanites that are linked to a powerful supercomputer, not cancer cells or any other cells other than brain. The medium in which purely electric synaptic signals between neurons talk, that most hold our soul, is mainly just a chemical that is similar to salt - it's the aggregate that we need to concern ourselves with. It's more advanced than any computer. 

 

You see, this is why Pharmaceutics are so ineffective. 

I suggest we rethink the entire idea of gene therapy and concentrate on mathematical optimization and combinatorics for individual synapse readings. A purely mathematical reading of the brain could do what the Human Genome Project obviously cannot. 

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11 hours ago, JeffreysTubes8 said:

I have bad teeth. I am approximately 130x smarter than a shark. A shark doesn't brush or flaus yet it's teeth are always in prime shape. Why is that? Because gene expression? pfffffft! NO! Because of brain. Just like everything else. 

No, because you have bad diet .  The sharks teeth have evolved to eat ocean creatures. Your teeth have not evolved to withstand the ravages of human indulgences.

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But when you speak about the brain with its 100 billion microtubules connected by 1000 trillion synapses you are talking about the operating system,  the operational hardware.

DNA contains the coded growth and stop-growth program that drive mitotic process, regulated by microtubules. The proof of this lies in the advent of cancer where cellular microtubules become unstable and continue to execute the mitotic cell division process in an uncontrolled manner.

This has nothing to do with neuronal microtubules which transport electrochemical data to the brain data over long distances, but when damaged or degraded may become instrumental in say Alzheimers disease and the slow degradation of brain cells.

 
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In Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other tauopathies, microtubule destabilization compromises axonal and synaptic integrity contributing to neurodegeneration. These diseases are characterized by the intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau leading to neurofibrillary pathology.Sep 8, 2020

The processes are exactly opposite . Cancer is uncontrolled cell division anywhere in the body, Alzheimers is degradation of controlled neural growth in the brain. 
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Microtubule alterations are thought to influence cellular responses to chemotherapeutic and microenvironmental stressors, thereby contributing to broad spectrum chemotherapy resistance, tumor development, and cell survival.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061531/#

Most people are not aware that microtubules are a multifunctional organelle and they are a common denominator of all Eukaryotic organisms on earth and may well be the most important information processor in all living organisms.

Just look at this configuration and then compare it to helical potentiometers.

Recent studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease

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IJMS | Free Full-Text | Microtubule Dysfunction: A Common Feature of  Neurodegenerative Diseases | HTML

Figure 1. Microtubule organization in neurons. Microtubule (MT) organization is tightly regulated in the different neuronal compartments. In axon, MTs form stable, polarized bundles with uniform polarity orientation, exposing their plus minus ends away from the cell body. In proximal dendrites, MTs are organized in antiparallel bundles oriented with their plus ends pointing away or toward the soma. In the growth cone, MTs adopt four characteristic distributions: splayed, captured at the cortical matrix, looped, and bundled. At the top, MT structure (slide view and end view) is shown.

Types of transformers

Types of transformers - Electrical e-Library.com

https://www.electricalelibrary.com/en/2017/09/03/types-of-transformers/

 

Note that the organic microtubule is much more versatile in function than the artificial inorganic copy.                                          

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Edited by write4u
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Well I am curious what your thoughts are on how the structure of the human brain and all it’s development through stages of life can be encoded in the space of a zygote. My main thesis was that the brain of the mother subconsciously encoded it in fetal development and the child’s brain does the rest after infancy. Even aging.

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