Egyptian History

[dduckwessel]

I've been trying to find an accurate (or closest to) time-line of Egyptian rulers.

 

Is the following accurate (as far as we know)?:

 

http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/egyptian.html

 

Any help would be appreciated :)

[Turtle]

that's an interesting author & sites. :thumbs_up

i found these wikipedia pages for you to compare to scaruffi's chronology. >> Conventional Egyptian chronology @ wikipedia

For a general discussion, see Egyptian chronology. For a similar list, see List of Pharaohs.

 

 

The Conventional Egyptian chronology represents the scholarly consensus on the chronology of the rulers of ancient Egypt, taking into account well accepted developments during the 20th century but not including any of the major revision proposals that have also been made in that time.

 

All dates are in the chronology are BC.

 

The dates of Dynasties 21 to 26 are from Kenneth Kitchen (1973), supplemented by Ian Shaw (2000). There is a 60 year discrepancy between the dates proposed by these two authors. There is no attempt to remove this discrepancy in the combined chronology presented below. ...

[dduckwessel]

Thanks for all the good references Turtle. :) I was particularly interested in the 18th and 19th dynasties and need to make sure the chronology is correct. It appears that Egyptologists are mostly agreed upon the chronology of kings of this period, though there's discrepancies about the actual dates of their reigns (which is probably difficult to pinpoint to an exact but the dates are close enough).

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_chronology:

puts Thutmose III before Hatshepsut

 

and the link you provided agrees with that:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Pharaohs#Eighteenth_Dynasty

 

while, the following link puts Hatshepsut before Thutmose III!:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighteenth_dynasty_of_Egypt

 

The seeming discrepancy is because Thutmose III was too young to rule at the time and so Hatshepsut was co-regent:

http://www.kingtutone.com/queens/hatshepsut/:

Tuthmose III was the son of Tuthmose II (Hatshepsut’s husband) and one of his royal concubines named Isis. This blood line made Tuthmose III a stepson to Hatshepsut. Because Tuthmose III was very young when his father died, Hatshepsut became a co-regent and ruled right along side the young stepson. It appears that within the second or third year of this co-regency reign, Hatshepsut proclaimed herself king with complete titles.

 

Therefore, on the timeline it would be correct to put Thutmose III before Hatshepsut.

[dduckwessel]

I needed to determine the accuracy of the reigns of the early Pharaohs but in particular the Rameses succession.

 

According to Exodus, Israel slaves built the treasure cities of Raamses and Pithom (Exodus 1:11). I'm trying to determine the name of the Pharaoh that ruled during this time (obviously Rameses is the prime candidate but which Rameses?).

 

According to the passage, Pharaoh kept limiting the amount of straw the Israelites were provided to make bricks with and finally they were given no straw at all, which if true will be revealed in the buildings themselves.

 

The following states archaeological evidence to support this idea (around midway on the page, PLAN OF THE RUINS OF THE GREAT TEMPLE OF TANIS):

http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/edwards/pharaohs/pharaohs-2.html

 

Is there any evidence to refute the claim of this link?

[Turtle]

I needed to determine the accuracy of the reigns of the early Pharaohs but in particular the Rameses succession.

 

According to Exodus, Israel slaves built the treasure cities of Raamses and Pithom (Exodus 1:11). I'm trying to determine the name of the Pharaoh that ruled during this time (obviously Rameses is the prime candidate but which Rameses?).

...

 

i can only do what you might have done; search for "which Pharaoh is in the Bible?". it's an unsettled question it seems. you can find numerous other links & sources at this wiki article. (boldenation mine.)

>

 

Pharaohs in the Hebrew Bible

...Pharaohs in Exodus

The book of Exodus tells how the Israelites are enslaved in Egypt and eventually escape under the leadership of Moses. Three pharaohs are involved: the "pharaoh of Joseph" who invites the Israelites into Egypt, the "pharaoh of the oppression" who enslaves them, and the "pharaoh of the exodus", under whom they escape. The third pharaoh is clearly the immediate successor the second, but the bible is not clear as to where the second pharaoh stands in relation the first.

 

The biblical story does not name any of these pharaohs, nor does it give enough information to identify the period in which the events are set, with the result that there have been many suggestions as to which of Egypt's many rulers was involved. Candidates put forward for the role include:

 

Ahmose I (1550 BC-1525 BC).

Thutmose III (1479 BC-1425 BC)[2]

Horemheb (1319 BC-1292 BC) Ahmed Osman surmised that he was the Pharaoh of the Oppression.[citation needed]

Ramesses I Surmised by Ahmed Osman to be the Pharaoh of the Exodus.[citation needed]

Ramesses II (1279 BC-1213 BC) Also known as Rameses the Great, he is the most commonly imagined figure in popular culture, but there is no documentary or archaeological evidence that he had to deal with the Plagues of Egypt or anything similar or that he chased Hebrew slaves fleeing Egypt. Ramesses II's late 13th century BC stela in Beth Shan mentions two conquered peoples who came to "make obeisance to him" in his city of Raameses or Pi-Ramesses but mentions neither the building of the city nor, as some have written, the Israelites or Hapiru.[3] Additionally, the historical Pithom was built in the 7th century BC, during the Saite period.[4][5]

Merneptah (1213 BC-1203 BC), son of Ramesses II. An inscription by this pharaoh includes the first mention of "Israel" in the historical record, clearly established in Canaan during his time.[2] ...

[dduckwessel]

Yes and I have been reading a lot but was backtracking on much of it. I hoped that someone on Hypography might have an interest in and so a link that could fast-track me (availing myself of the vast source of knowledge on Hypography :) ).

 

I've found many of the links regarding the subject are distinctly 'Christian' in nature. Their desire however, does not appear to be for the purpose of providing an unbiased view, but rather to prove the Bible's authenticity (which cannot be done by general reading) so they can spread their peculiar dogmas.

 

I require a view that's based on 'evidence' alone. In particular I'm looking for an archaeological link that is unbiased [which is also difficult to find based on a general anti-Bible atmosphere (understandable considering the way those writings have been presented in religious cirlces) in academia].

 

The link I provided (http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/edwards/edwards.html) by Amelia Edwards is well written but but old (1891) and I wondered if her findings were ever corroborated? Noted archaeologist, Finklestein, was most definitely closed to any Biblical resemblances!

 

My thinking however, is, as the ancient Egyptians were masters at preserving their history (more likely the cause was their Pharaoh's ego aggrandisement) there would be solid evidence of Joseph (early dynasties?) and Moses (possibly named after Ahmoses or Thutmosis?). According to Bible writings, they were very influential men in Egyptian history and as such,the Egyptians would have left some evidence of them (I've noted distinctly non-Egyptian noses on some of the sculptures, possibly the reason why the noses remained intact!).